Subscribe:

Tentang Template :

Pengapuran Sendi Lutut (Osteoarthritis)

Diperkirakan kurang lebih 25% orang berusia 55 tahun atau lebih mengalami nyeri lutut yang terjadi hampir setiap hari dalam satu bulan. Pengapuran sendi lutut atau istilah medisnya dikenal sebagai osteoarthritis sendi lutut, meningkat prevalensinya sejalan dengan bertambahnya usia dan lebih sering terjadi pada perempuan dibandingkan pria. Faktor risiko terjadinya pengapuran sendi lutut meliputi kegemukan (obesitas), trauma daerah lutut, riwayat operasi daerah lutut, pekerjaan yang membuat seseorang membungkuk dan mengangkat beban.


Perjalanan penyakit pengapuran sendi lutut ini sangat bervariasi. Penyakit dapat membaik pada beberapa pasien, tetap stabil tidak berubah pada pasien lain, atau penyakit memburuk secara perlahan-lahan pada pasien lainnya. Pengapuran sendi lutut merupakan penyebab tersering terjadinya gangguan mobilitas pada orang usia lanjut. Banyak orang dengan nyeri pada sendi lututnya mengalami keterbatasan dalam melakukan aktivitas hidup sehari-hari, seperti mandi, berpakaian, menggunakan jamban, berjalan, dan sebagainya.


Pengapuran sendi lutut memengaruhi seluruh struktur di dalam sendi, tidak hanya menyebabkan hilangnya lapisan hialin rawan sendi, namun perubahan bentuk tulang atau pembesaran tulang juga terjadi, yang disertai pula dengan teregangnya kapsul sendi dan kelemahan otot-otot di sekitar sendi lutut.


Nyeri pada pengapuran sendi lutut umumnya terkait dengan aktivitas, seperti naik tangga, bangkit dari kursi, dan berjalan dengan jarak cukup jauh. Kekakuan sendi juga lazim terjadi pada pagi hari namun biasanya berlangsung kurang dari 30 menit.


Tatalaksana pengapuran sendi lutut meliputi upaya untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri, memperbaiki bentuk abnormal sendi lutut yang menjadi bengkok, serta mengidentifikasi ketidakstabilan sendi lutut


Terapi non farmakologis (terapi bukan obat) meliputi :




  • Latihan jasmani dengan berat badan tanpa atau hanya sebagian saja ditopang oleh sendi lutut (misalnya berenang, naik sepeda, dan sebagainya), serta latihan jasmani untuk menguatkan otot-otot paha. Hindari melakukan latihan jasmani jika nyeri pada sendi lutut bertambah buruk

  • Menurunkan berat badan atau bila perlu berjalan dengan bantuan tongkat untuk mengurangi beban dari berat badan yang harus ditopang oleh sendi lutut. Tongkat yang digunakan dipegang oleh tangan yang berada di sisi yang berseberangan dengan sisi sendi lutut yang nyeri. Pada saat digunakan, tongkat dan tungkai yang nyeri harus menapak pada saat yang bersamaan.

  • Memperbaiki abnormalitas sendi lutut yang membengkok dengan brace atau patellar taping atau lapisan dalam sepatu (shoe insert) jika tidak membaik dengan terapi medis lainnya

  • Akupunktur dapat mengurangi rasa nyeri setelah beberapa kali sesi akupunktur dilakukan


Terapi obat meliputi :




  • Analgetik untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri yang dapat berupa obat minum atau obat topikal yang dioleskan di daerah lutut

  • Suntikan asam hialuronat (hyaluronic acid) ke dalam sendi lutut

  • Glukosamin and kondroitin sulfat

  • Suntikan kortikosteroid ke dalam sendi lutut


Obat pengurang rasa nyeri yang lazim digunakan meliputi asetaminofen (parasetamol), obat anti inflamasi (anti radang) non-steroid (AINS) misalnya Natrium Diklofenak, Piroksikam, Ibuprofen, dan sebagainya, serta penghambat siklooksigenase-2 (COX-2 inhibitor) seperti Celecoxib. AINS dan COX-2 inhibitor lebih efektif mengurangi rasa nyeri dibandingkan parasetamol. Walaupun demikian, kelebihan AINS terhadap parasetamol dalam mengurangi rasa nyeri tersebut tidak terlalu berbeda jauh dan oleh karena efek samping toksisitas AINS terhadap ginjal dan efek samping AINS terhadap terjadinya perdarahan saluran cerna, parasetamol seyogianya menjadi terapi lini pertama untuk mengurangi nyeri pada pengapuran sendi lutut, meskipun tampaknya parasetamol kurang efektif di antara pasien yang telah mendapat terapi AINS sebelumnya.

51 komentar:

http://keong-racun.net/ said...

Don't you realise that the UK and US are now multi-cultural nations. The above is a real language spoken by over 250 million people in Malaysia and Indonesia. Faham? Sangat cantik, lah!

hardcore total said...

hi cewL page. igartzen da. Dira edonork web . !

Spanking said...

The Danish way of Life ! :)

mydirtyhobby Amateursex said...

Nice blog. Cheers mydirtyhobby Amateursex

Raka said...

How does his life

mydirtyhobby Amateursex said...

I do agreee on that topic. mydirtyhobby Amateursex

afvallen said...

I’ve got to say that this was a solid read. I actually felt like I’ve learned something new and exciting! Thank you so much.

Raka said...

thank you for visiting and please support

mydirtyhobby Videos said...

YCochennec carole_bouchard Gasquet aime le jeu comme un amateurspectateur, ce n'est pas péjoratif pour moi. Mais deuil de la gloire perso

oma ficken said...

JAV Amateur 88 - Horny MILF Wife http:dlvr.it9gvx9

versicherung wechseln said...

PokaLotaPuss: Naked Amateur Teen Girls &8211; Pic 747 http:goo.glfbObaEI

my dirty hobby said...

Every artist was first an amateur

amateur hardcore said...

Amateur Rockstar Suzuki Dominates Mini-Os | Motorcycle News: 2010-amateur-rockstar-suzuki-dominates-mini-os.jpg ... heKiZL

mydirtyhobby said...

Great write-up cause in my language, I can not find much good source like this. I am a big believer in commenting on blogs to help the blog writers know that they’ve added something worthwhile to the world wide web!

Belkis Bromberek said...

Most of the times i visit a blog i get disappointed. On the contrary,I could honestly say that you writting is decent and your website solid.

elektrische zigarette said...

whats up jy het 'n groot pragtige bladsy. Gebookmarkte Ek sal vertel almal oor jou site . !

omavotzen said...

howdy, I haven't so much spoke to you on the chat in a while, but I thought I might message you from my fresh new Android !! No joke, I work for a brand new company currently in the fraud dep. Really don't tell anybody but we uncovered this site that is completely glitching and providing out absolutely free Notebook!! to anybody that signs up. I presume you might possibly have to confirm your email, xox omavotzen

elektronische zigarette said...

hey iritsi cute blog . Eskerrik asko! Edozein zure web . !

Raka said...

thank you for visiting and please supports

Raka said...

thank you for visiting and please support's

omaficken said...

heya, I haven't much talked to you on the icq in a while, but I thought I would most likely message you from my cutting edge Notebook!! No fun, I work for a top company at this point in the revision dept. Don't tell any person but we discovered this site that is 100 % glitching and distributing out totally free Netbook!! to anyone that signs up. I believe you might possibly have to confirm your e-mail, Best wishes omaficken

omaporno said...

hello, I haven't so much spoken to you on the icq in a while, but I thought I would text you from my newer Netbook!! No joke, I work for a top company at this point in the fraud dep. You should not tell any person but we discovered this site that is thoroughly glitching and giv ing out no cost Android !! to anybody that signs up. I suppose you could possibly have to confirm your email, Best wishes omaporno

Booker Grindel said...

Wenn du geile Porno Bilder suchst, bist du auf dieser Seite genau richtig.Auf pornosexblog.de warten geile Porno cam domina auf Dich um es Dir oder Euch geil zu besorgen. Porno und Sex in allen Variationen Pornös :-)

mydirtyhobby amateure said...

No impoa cual, pero una federación de un depoe mydirtyhobby en Argentina se acaba de desayunar que existe algo llamado blog.

my dirty hobby said...

roleymole Youapos;re such a twitter mydirtyhobby !!

Teenchat said...

hey, I haven't much spoken to you on the blog in a while, but I guessed I would probably email you from my all new Android !! No fun, I work for a hot company these days in the development dept. Never tell anyone but we discovered this site that is completely glitching and giv ing out zero cost Netbook!! to anybody that signs up. I believe you could possibly have to confirm your e mail, Thanks Teenchat

privat sexkontakt said...

giska á hvaða þú hafa a ágætur vefsvæði . Takk! Ég mun segja einstaklingi allir um vefsvæði . !

hardcoretotal said...

You´ve got a secret admirer would you please email me with subject hardcoretotal

amateurluder total nackt vor der livecam said...

SexyBrunnete is now online on dirtystage 9Ep4ws amateur tongues av pics hardcore teen fancy scurt

jocuri de gatit said...

Interesting article and one which should be more widely known about in my view. Your level of detail is good and the clarity of writing is excellent. I have bookmarked it for you so that others will be able to see what you have to say.

jocuri de gatit said...

You got some great ideas there. I did a search on the issue and learnt most peoples will agree with your blog. If you are an experienced traveler, you may know the ins and outs of travel to all parts of the world, and you may have very specific ideas about what you want to see and where you want to go.

jocuri de gatit said...

Hi! I found your blog on AOL.It's really comprehensive and it helped me a lot. Continue the good work!

jocuri de gatit said...

Dude, I wish I could write articles half as good as you. Your posts are always so well written. Do you outsource it or write it yourself?

jocuri masini said...

Dude, I wish I could write articles half as good as you. Your posts are always so well written. Do you outsource it or write it yourself?

jocuri masini said...

Hey man, I own a website too and I almost never see spam comments on your posts. How do you manage to stop it all? Do you just manually moderate all of it?

Raka said...

thank you for visiting

Raka said...

http://wong-kutho.co.cc/

Raka said...

There are writing their own and others copy and paste

Raka said...

sharing is a noble job

Raka said...

sharing is a very nice job

Raka said...

sharing is a very nice job's

Raka said...

I only share their experiences and I like it

Street Walkers said...

I love you Molly. I always have.Ditto.

Brice Bartula said...

I ask all my pals to check out this weblog.... and I hope they'll absolutely like..

Little Princess said...

Maybe I was a bird in another life.If you’re a bird, I’m a bird.

Street Walkers said...

You are so funny!!! I’ve become obsessed with your website and I spend most of my work hours reading all your archives. And I made an account JUST to post comments. I wish I’d found you sooner, and I wish you posted as much as you used to! You must be constantly busy now though because you are so famous!!

hartford sell by owner home said...

I was very pleased to find this site.I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post.

Slutty Girl said...

I love that you are the last person I want to talk to before I go to sleep at night.

north carolina vacation rentals said...

Well, given that you want to be surrounded by nature, Id say a vineyard-view room at Carneros Inn is a better choice. While I love Calistoga, it lacks the sweeping vistas of the Carneros District. The valley is narrow in Calistoga, and though there are lovely mountain views, I dont think theres quite as much privacy at Solage just yet (again, wait till the landscaping grows in).

Raka said...

thank you ..... we are sharing, please support me

Raka said...

share information, and we must share information

Post a Comment